Forging apparatus



June 22, 1948. J. c. cuR'ns 443,814

` FORGING APPARATUS June 22, 1948 J. c. cuRTIs 2,443,814

FORGING APPARATUS Filed June a, 1942 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 Julie 22, `1948. J, C, CURTls 27,443,814

FORGING APPARATUS Filed June 8, 1942 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 June 22,1948. J, C, CURTIS 2,443,814

FORGING APPARATUS Filed June 8, 1942 5 Sheets-SheetA fzzz 075029325 y 4 Aw.' ,4d/hmm.

J. c. CURTIS 2,443,814

FORGING APPARATUSA June 22, 1948.

5 Sheets-Sheet 5 Filed June s, 1942 Patented June 22, 1948 vUNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE FORGING APPARATUS l John C. Curtis, Claremont, N. H., assignor to J oy Manufacturing Company,

Pennsylvania a corporation of Application J une 8, 1942, Serial No. 446,202

8 Claims.

This invention relates to an article forming apparatus and more particularly to an improved hot rolling apparatus especially designed for use in the formation of the cutting portions o rock drill bits.

It is now common practice in the drilling ci rock by means of percussive tools, to employ rock drill bits of the detachable type which are attached to drill rods, usually by coupling threads. Such detachable rock drill bits are necessarily of an inexpensive design since after a few sharpenings of the worncutting surfaces, they are discarded. Also the sharpening process must be rapid and accurate so that the cutting portions of the drill bits may be readily and quickly formed to the exact shape desired therebyto reduce the expensive due to more frequent bit replacement.

It is a primary object of the present invention to provide an implement-forming apparatus Which is rapid and eicient in operation. Another object is to provide an improved apparatus for forming or sharpening the cutting portions of detachable rock drill bits. A further object is to provide an improved apparatus for forming` metallic articles whereby the forming processis effected with a rolling action. Yet another object is to provide a novel hot rolling apparatus for formingthe cutting portions of rock drill bits. A still further object is to provide an improved hotrolling apparatus having novel means for mounting and operating the rolling die element thereof. Yet another object is to provide novel meansfor controlling the position of the Work with respect to the forming element. A still further object is to provide a novel metal rolling apparatus especially designed for use in the hot rolling of the cutting portions of rock drill bits. 'Another Objectis to provide a novel hydraulically operated positioning means for loeating a work piece relative to the forming die of the rolling apparatus. A further object isto provide novel bit gauging means. 1 w

The invention'comprises the novel parts, and the novel combination and arrangement thereof, as shown in the accompanying drawings, as described in this specification, and as will be more particularly` defined by the claims appended hereto.

In the drawings:

l Fig. 1 is a front elevational view of the improved hot rolling apparatus. l n

Fg.-2 is a. perspective view of a rock drill bit.

2 Fig. 3 is a side elevational View of the apparatus shown in Fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is an enlarged horizontal sectional view taken substantially on line 4--4 of Fig. 3, illus- 5 trating the automatic pumping means.

Fig. 5 is an enlarged vertical sectional view taken substantially on line 5-5 of Fig. 4.

Fig. 6 is an enlarged vertical sectional view taken substantially on line 6--5 of Fig. 3.

Fig. 7 is a detailed vertical sectional view taken substantially on line 1-1 of Fig. 6, illustrating the hand pump. i

Fig. 8 is a detailed vertical sectional View taken on line 8--8 of Fig. 6, illustrating the ram release valve.

Fig. 9 is a fragmentary sectional view taken on the plane of Fig. 6, showing parts in a diierent position. i

Fig. l0 is a fragmentary vertical sectional view taken substantially on line lll-.l0 0f Fig. 1, illustrating the roller die and its associated mounting and operating means.

Fig. 11 is a diagrammatic view illustrating the hydraulic system associated with the bit positioning means.

Fig. 12 is a diagrammatic view illustrating the fluid system associated with the bit gauging `and hole opening means.

Fig. 13 is a fragmentary View, similar to Fig. 3,`

showing a modified form of pumping means.

Fig. 14 i-s an enlarged vertical sectional View taken substantially on line Ill-I4 of Fig. 13.

Fig. 15 is a diagrammatic View of. the hydraulic system associated with the modied pumping means, shown in Figs. 13 and 14.

In this illustrative embodiment of the invention, there is shown a hot rolling apparatus especially designed for use in the formationof the cutting surfaces of a detachable rock drill bit. It will be evident, however, that `various .1 f. The detachable rock drill bit` disclosed herein is of a well known design and may be generally similarto that disclosed in the patent to P. H. Nast, No. 2,168,102 granted November 30, 1938, and is known asthe Sullivan detachable rock i0 drill bit. The drill bit is generally designated l and comprises a body 2 having a threaded socket 3` adapted for connection to a conventional drill steel, 'and the cutting face of the bit body has,` as shownin Fig. 2, alined` radial cutting edges 4, 4

spaced for a central opening 5, and arcuate peripheral chopping edges 6, 6 arranged atthe opposite sides of the diametric cutting edges. The drill bit is of the so-called double-taper type and has relatively inclined, double-taper outer surfaces as is fully described in the patent above referred to.

The improved hot rolling apparatus as shown in Figs. l to12 inclusive comprises anupstanding frame structure 'I mounted on a suitable base 8, and rigidly braced with respect to the base by suitable brace rods 9. The frame structure includes a pair of tubular guides I0, I and trarne tie-rods pass centrally through these tubular guides in the manner shown. Pivotally' suspended at I2 from the upper part of the frame structure is an arm or link I3 herein preferably arranged between the guides and swing-able' in vertical planes. Journaled on a cross shaft. I4 carried at the lower free end of the swingable arm is a roller die I5 provided with appropriately shaped forming surfaces. Suitably journaled on the, frame structure is a horizontal drive'shaft IS having fixed thereto a pulley I'IV connected by a d'r'ive'belt I8'to a motor' pulley I9', the latter being fixed to the shaft of a motor 20; This motor is preferably of the" electric' type.' and i's` mounted on the base 8. Fixed to the drive shaft I6 is a crank disc 2| having'itsv crank pin' 22 pivotally connected to a` connecting rod"v 23; in turn Divota'lly'attached at' 2,4 tothe roller supporting arm P31'` It is accordinglyevideht that whenthe crank disc is driven by the motor throughthe belt and pulley connections', the"` roller arm is csail-lated aboutits pivottonifovev the roller die back and forth for a purpose to be later explained. Recip'r'oca'blyV guided oril andA extending between the parallelguides"III'.Y IL'isa' sliding frame or crosshead 25 havinga centrally located socket 26 for receiving a support 'Z1 for the'd-rill bit I. Encirclingv the guides" Wan'@extending between collarlikeI abutments 218L ilxed-v as" setscrews to the guides, are coiled springs 29fwlilfch* act on the crossliead 25' constantly tr'uigeV the latter in a downward direction;l The' abutment's Ell maybe adjusted relative to the guides IU tovary the tension of*A the spifirig'sY 29'` inA an! obvious manner. Abuttingl at- @IJ-the bottom of the` crosshead I is a; ram or piston 3| reciprocablyA mounted in a vertical'cylinder 32'-j rigidly secured; to the base. This ram has a centra-libere" 33V for receiving a;y rod" 34- which4 engages the' cylinder bottom. Whenthe crossheadvl 25L is? in" itslowered positionon the guides I-U-asshowiiri Fig.' 9 g the frod' 34 'is engaged by aicylin'dric-pluiger 35 guided in a`-` central bore 36 in the bit suDDorti-2J1.Tl`e bitsupport has a tapered socket' 3'i'I-' for?` receiving the'V b'it body and the`uppenporftiori offthe plunger is receivedlin the threaded socket 3 ofthe` bit The` rod 3'4,when th'el cros'shead-l isl lowered; lifts' the plunger 35' in the pump cylinders and acting on the pistons arecoiledsprings 41 which constantly urge the piston rods into engagerneut with' the abutment plate. The remote ends of the pump cylinders are connected by branch pipes 48, 48 to a pipe 49 and the latter is connected by a pipe 50 leading to the bottom of the ram cylinder 32. Thus as tlieroller arm I3 is'os'cillated through the crank and connecting rodv connections the pump pistons are reciprocated to force liquid under pressure to theram cylinder beneath the ram 3| to effect lifting of the ram as hereinafter described. The valve'r arrangements associated with the pump cylinders will be later described. A

Mounted 'ony the'base at one Side Of the frame structure: I is a oonvehtional'hand pump including a" vertical cylinder 51 contain-ing apumpy plunger 5'2 (se'eFlg's 6" andA 7`) This'pumpplunger extends upwardly through a stullng ,bo 5d at the upper end or the pumpl cylinder, and" ispivotal'lycohnectedat 5'4i'toanoperating' lever 55'2 This leverV is`- pivotally mounted througha pivoted link the pump" lever ro-reciprocate the pui'rpjpis'torr, liquid under pfessulf liraybeforced irittfi' 50i.'- tom of theram cylinder 32 to'raise thel ram. A' tank- 57S' ismounted on therba'se and',A as Shown diagrammaticallyinFig; -1'1, this tari-lois connectedI by afpipeee-torrie-lowers' `#Off-'trie pump cylinder' 5|-1an`df-by a'ppe'fl to tiie-p1pe49`t Check valves l'f in thepi-pesL 58"J` aridfrspectivly'prevent lreverse ow from=the cpurnfp cx'l-irrd'ersl 4|)l andi 5|- to-l wardthe tank;v The low endv of? the' pump cylindex' 5I" is connectedldyapipe El? totheaplpe 4l!E and-the' pipe- -'I-i has a`^-c-lieclr valvel G2 which prevente reverse ow'tothelowr end of` the cylinder si from thepipe 4o.' y pipe en :reads to uielowe'r endof the cyliridlerSZl anda; checkvalve S2' preventsr'eversev ovfbetwen the' cylinders 'mand thelower erid'lof thellfn' cylihdr 32.` pipe B- leading to the levi/erV endi ofthe rain cylinder is connected through apipe 6 .to al casing-"IW` of a' release1 valve` geneially designa-t'ed 65; This re'- leSe- Valve lnbhiii'e's" a? Valve" element II` Opera-ted' by Conveniently' located* pSh button 67 The' val-ve casing-at thekv out'esi'd'e of! the' valve AA,element Shas-a' chamber: 68i coiiriectedvby'a pipefSS'tothe' supplyY tane 5t.l Af coiled: spring mi acting on -1 the' valve' elementi steoiistantlg urges? uneL latter' with-respect to-'tiiebit support toel raise the bit from* its socket in.4 the? bitI support thereby to facilitate removal of thei bits after the completion oitliefrollirig processiY Attached as by screws'- to theg-uides l |11 near th'efupp'erends of-theJ latte'ris al horizonal frame 3:91; (.see- Figs 4 and-"5)` carr-yinga'pair of alin'edl pump cylinders. 40'; 4U containing reciprocable pistons 4 I V4 I1. l Projecting joutWardly throughthe'- inner heads 4'20fthefpumpcylinders-'are' piston* rods'43ifor abuttingthe opposite vsidesv of anabut'- nient` plate `4112'carriedb'y the swirl'gab-1erollerarmK |35;I The pump frame 39is` adjustable in arvertical-di're'ctionrelative to the guides If and f theably to receive' the aibutmentf plate 44a Screwstowardy its` seat-z'tL position. When thea opera-tor pressesinwardly onthey pusnfbutton 6-1 thevalv-e is` vunseaft'edsothate the liqiiidiin` the lower endsoi the ram cylinder* SZGb'en'eeth 'the rarnflsl-exhauste'd back to the It' willbe under-stood that'ai rotary val-vev might' be. si-ibstitutedu for the valve` 6463' if desired. Afastand: pipe 'Ifl may bef deslrably' provided tofmaintainithefoil leifeli'a't oraboveftlies cylinders'; 40':

Arranged in a'= vertical position;l at'. one" side. of thefranrestructure 1f lsa support 1.5;' :bra-cedwith! respect/fA toA the. basef 8 by ai suitable brace rod` 116;'. Supported preferablyfbyf a'ffsplit clamp Hi on this.. suppprt is` a' pnellrnatic'f feed cylinder,r 'I8f containing a reciproc'ablefeed pis-torrfl;r the latter 'havingI its piston rod 8|);externiing'.fdownwardiyfthrough 'the lower. cylinderx` headf- 8d: The pistoni4A rod is tlfireade'dly attached atA 82 x to the?r rea-r head 83` ofa pneumaticY impact-E tool-i 84 off'. afconvent-ionali design. This tool f includes fa'f vertical i cylinder-l |15A containing a\ reciprocable* hammer piston: (not' shown) for delivering impact blows to theshanki of a pin 8E. The rear portionmffthe'rnotor cyl- .piston Illll. the bore I! of a vertical cylinderIZ attached .A

the cylinder relative tothe head in one direction or the other. The pin 86 `is suitably supported within a chuck arranged Within the frontend of the motor cylinder and fixed to this pin is an upsetting tool 8l having its bottom face shaped to conform to the cutting face of the rolled bit. Sup` portedon the base beneath the impact tool isa gauge block 88 having a tapered bore 89 for receiving the rolled bit. Subsequent to the `rolling operation, the bit is placed in the bore of the gauge block and upon admission of pressure fluid to the upper end of the feed cylinder under the control of a valve 90, the impact tool is fed downwardly to bring theupsetting tool 8T into engagement with the bit face. When movement of the upsetting tool is resisted by the Work, relative movement between the motor cylinder 85 and the rear motor head 33 occurs thereby automatically starting the hammer tool so that the upsetting tool is hammered downwardly to drive thebit into the gauge block bore. Driving of the bit into the bore ofthe gauge effects proper gauging of the bit and concurrently with the gauging operation the projecting end of the pin 86 servesr to open the axial bore of the bit in a well known manner. A release rod 9| operated in any suitable manner and constantly urged upwardly by a coiled spring 92 is movable upwardly within the gauge block bore to facilitate release of the -completed bit from the gauge block.

The modied form of the invention shown in Figs. 13, 14 and 15, is generally the same as that above described, with the exception that a different form of pumping means is substituted for the pumping means 40, 4| above described. In this construction the pumping means associated with the roller arm I3 is completely eliminated, and a pumping means 95 is provided which is operated directly from the drive shaft I6. As shown in Fig. 13 the shaft |6 has fixed thereto for rotation therewith a cam plate 96 having spaced cams 91 which are engageable with aroller 98 mounted at the upper end'of an actuating stem 99 for a pump This pump piston is reciprocable in to the frame structure I vand extending down within the liquid tank 51'. A spring |93 urges the pump piston in an upward direction as shown in Fig. 14. The hydraulic system, shown in Fig. 15 is similar to that shown in Fig. 11, and likewise the tank 51' which is arranged in the base of the apparatus, is connected by the pipe 69 to a pressure release valve 65, and the latter is connected by the pipe 63 to the ram cylinder 32. The lower end of the pump cylinder |62, which actually extends into the tank 51' as` shown in Fig.v 13, is connected with a pipe 59 having `a check valve 63 therein, so that it can draw fluid from the tank. 4A pipe 49 leads from the pump discharge to the lower end of the ram cylinder 32 and a check valve 62" prevents reverse flow back to the pump. 4Essentially the same pipe connections between the ram cylinder and the cylinder are provided as in the other embodiment above described. Thus as thefshaft |6 is driven the cams 91 effect reciprocation of the pump piston |90 to force liquid under pressure to the ram cylinder beneath the ram 3| to effect lifting of the ram to raise the work toward the roller die I5, in a manner similar to that above described.

The general mode of operation of the improved hot rolling apparatus is as follows: A properly heated'bit to be sharpened may be placed on Athey bit support 21 as shown in Fig. 6, with'the upper portion of the plunger 35 received in the bit socket 3. The motor ZUImaythen `be started to effect oscillation of the roller die I5 andthereafter `the hand pump maybe operated to effect upward movement of the ram 3|, thereby to raise the bit support 21 to move the bit toward the roller die thereby properly to position the bit. This will charge the hydraulic system, as., will be evident; and the latter may be equipped with suitable iloatcontrolled air-bleed valves if desired. vAs the roller arm I3 swings or oscillates rapidly back and'forth,.the roller die passes over the bit to eii'ect forming ofthe cutting andchopping edges 4 and 6.0i the bit I, and as the roller arm swings, it effects reciprocation ofthe pump pistons 4| to force liquid under pressure beneath the ram 3| to raise the latter, thereby automatically to feed the bit support upwardly to move the bit toward the roller die. Accordingly after each` pass of the roller die with respect tothe bit, the latter is automatically fed upwardy a slight distance toward the roller die. Upon completion of the rolling process the operator may press the push button 61 of the ram releasevalve 66 'inwardly `to connect the lower end of the ,ram cylinder 32 to the tank 5l and as a result,the bit lsupport is lowered by the coiled springs A,29 into the position shown in Fig. 9. lAs the bit support approaches the lowermost position the rod 34 engages the plunger 35to cause the latter to lift th-e bit from the bit support bore. When the rolled bit is so raised, it may be easily -removed from the plunger 35 and placed in the tapered bore 89 of the gauge block 88, and the impact tool 84 may then be `operated to deliver impact blows to the upsetting `tool thereby.- to eiect gauging of the sides of the bitV and` concurrent opening of the axial bit bore. On completion `of the gauging and bore opening opera,- tions the impact tool may be retracted by its feed piston, and the plunger rod 9| may be operated to lift the completed bit from the gauge block bore in the manner shown in Fig. 1. The method` of forming the drill bit include-s the initial rolling of the working face of the bit by transverse movement of `a roller die with respect thereto and vthereafter effecting gauging of the bit byimparting thereto an endwisehammering action. Thus the transverse rolling process veffects the formation of the cutting and chopping edges of the bit while the endwise hammering actioneffects proper gauging of the sides of the bit.

The mode of operation of the modied appara'- tus shown inFigs. 13, 14 and 15 is 'essentially similar to that above described.` In this instance. however, the cams 914effect reoiprocation ofthe pump piston |00 to force liquid under pressure `beneath the ram 3| to raise the latter, thereby automatically to feed the blt support upwardly to move the bit toward the roller die. Itis thus evident that the pump is operated wholly independently of the roller swinging arm I3 directly from the drive shaft of the apparatus. 'Other- Wise, this form of the invention operates inthe same general manner as in the other embodiment. As a result of this invention a novel hotrolling apparatus is provided whereby the cuttingface `of a rock drill bit may be quicklyand efficiently formed.v By the provision of the manual and automatic hydraulic means for raising theibit support the bit may rst be properly positioned with respect to the roller die and, during the ,v

rolling process, may be automatically fed step by step toward the roller die. Further by the provision of pneumatlcally operated gauging means the rolled ubit may be expeditiously brought Ato 'the proper gauge while the anar bore of' the bit isi concurrently opened. Also' by the provision of the novel roller mounting arrangement improved 'siiaping ofthe cutting and chopping edges' of' the biti'sv 'effected' while the cost of sharpening. is decreased and the bit4 e'iciency' i'sf increased. Further by application to the Work of a1 trans'- verse rolling operation and an endwi'sehammering operation a novelform'ing method' 'is attained. Gtlier' uses and advantages of the invention will be clearly' apparent to those skilled in the art.

While there are in this application specifically described "one embodiment and a modiiica-tion thereof which the invention may assume -in practice, -i't will beA understood that' this embodiment andi-modification of the same are' shown for purposes of illustration and that the invention may befurther modified and embodied in various other forms without departing from its spirit 'or the `scop'e ofthe appended claims;

What I claim asnew and ldesire to4 secure by Letters' Patent is:

l. In `a forming apparatus, a frame structure', parallel vertical guides, a roller die movabiy mounted on said Vframe structure between said guides; 1a cross head slidable along' saidv guides, a Work support icarried by' `said cross he'ad, 'and ineens' for sliding said cross Ahead along said guides to move said 4Work support toward said roller die.

'2. In a forming apparatus, a trarne structure, parallel vertical guides, a roller' die Inova-bly mounted on said frame structure between' said guides', a cross head 'slidable along said fgui'des, fawoksupport carried by said cross nea'd, means -for slid-ing said cross fhead valong said guides to move said Work 'support toward said roller die, and rneaifis for constantly urging said cross :head along 'said guides in 'a direction :away from said die.

3. In Aa forming `apparatus, a "frame, an arm 'pivotailly mounted on said frame to swing relative thereto, a forming die carried by :said arm, means yoperatively connected to said 'arm for oscillating the same to effect movement of said die4 with respect to the work, fluid operatedineans for 'feeding the work with respect to said dierand fluid. pumping means operative as a result of 'oscillatory movement of said arm for supplying iluid at a controlled rate to said feeding means.

4. In `an apparatus for forming metallic articles, a frame providing a stationary guide- Way, alfornring die movable relative'to said ira-me while said guideway yremains stationary, a work support mountedon said guideway for' rectilinear movement in -a fixed Ipath therealong towards and from said die, resilient means for opposing moveymentof said work support 'towards said die, said lresilient means acting constantly to urge said work support vaway from said die, and means `for feeding Said Work support falong said 'guideway towards said Vdie against the action of said resilient means, and said resilient means .serving to move :said work support along said gnideway awayfrom said die when said feeding means is 'rendered ineiectiva 45. Inv-an apparatus ofthe character described, a frame providing a guidetvay, a Work support vmovable along -said guideway, a forming die 'mounted on said nframe for movement with respect to-saidWork-support, a iiuid operated cyl-ind'er and rpiston device yextending lengthwise Iof said guideway for 'feeding :said work support 'towards lsaid die, and means 'coordinated with Lthe Anioven'ient ofsaid'die for automatically regulating `8 thel new ofV operating fluid. with .respectto: said cylinder and piston-device.

6'. In a. forming apparatus, a` movable dia. a Work support, means for eiectng. relativey nfrovev ment of said movable die and vwork support Vduring the 'formingr process, power operated means; for feeding theiwork. towards said' die, manually' op-` enable means. for feeding the Worktowards vsalti die, and means. associated with both. of said .feeds ing ymeans and operable at will. for reversing. said' feeding means for 4quickly eiecting. retraction of the" Work' with respect to" said die;

7; In a forming apparatus', a movable die, a work support, means for eiecting relative movement of said` movablev die and said work support during the' formingA process, a feeding device for moving the work towards said die,power operated means for supplying operating medium :to said feeding device, manually operated; means for supplying operating medium to said feeding, devise, and means associated with said 'feeding device and operable at will for rendering both. of said supply means ineiective to eiect reversal of said feeding `device quickly to retract the work from said die'.

In an apparatus for forming metallic articles, 'means providing a guider/ay, a forming die movableback and' forth with respect to .sa-id guideway, va work lsupport mountedon said guideway for movement in a xed path therealong towards and from said die, constantly operative means for vleldingly opposing movement of said work support along .Saidguideway towards said die, and power operated means for feeding said work .support alone said suid'eway towards Said die against the action of said yielding opposing mea-ns, and said yielding opposing means serving automatically to move said- Work lsupport along .saidsuideway away from said die* Whenever `said feeding means is rendered ineffective.

JOHN C. CURTIS.

REFERENCES CITED The following references' are of record In the l'e of this patent:

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